Insights   |   April 17, 2020

Market Update from the Global CIO Office – April 2020

The month of March was nothing short of unprecedented. Financial markets were roiled against the backdrop of the escalating COVID-19 pandemic and the dreadful economic fallout from the countermeasures to contain it. Investors are weighing the progression of the outbreak and the ramifications for global growth against the efficacy of the monetary and fiscal response in restoring financial market stability and stemming the economic hardship. As the breadth and depth of the outbreak and its economic toll remain unknown at this time, sentiment is almost certain to be fragile until the virus has been contained.

Fear gripped the panic-stricken marketplace in an unparalleled month, with global equity benchmarks down sharply in the wave of indiscriminate selling. While assertive action from central banks and governments indeed alleviated some of the pressure, the mid-month revival in risk appetite proved fleeting as coronavirus cases continued to mount globally. The carnage was felt broadly across the world in the exodus to safe haven assets. The S&P 500 capped a horrific month, while the S&P/TSX led the decline amid calamitous weakness in the battered energy sector. Looking abroad, European and Japanese equities also joined the monthly rout, while emerging market stocks have shed close to $5 trillion in value since the beginning of the year.

Bond yields swung wildly as investors contemplated the economic fallout of the COVID crisis, bond supply implications of the fiscal response, and central bank measures aimed at restoring liquidity. In the end, newly announced stimulus measures and heightened investor angst led government bond yields lower. Most dramatically, the Federal Reserve slashed rates back to zero and announced a string of new measures aimed at providing unlimited liquidity to all parts of the financial system. Meanwhile, the ECB removed the constraints on the bonds it buys under its new purchase program, while the Bank of Canada lowered its overnight rate three times and introduced some large scale asset purchases. Finally, spreads exploded as lingering recession fears brought into question the health of US corporations, which saw credit underperform its government counterparts by a wide margin in March.

The US dollar thrived in the environment of elevated uncertainty and deteriorating global growth prospects, with unnerved investors flocking to the safety of the greenback. In contrast, the Canadian dollar was pummeled by the unrelenting drop in crude prices, while the Japanese yen managed to eke out a modest gain due to its safe haven status in what was an erratic financial market environment.

Oil tumbled to an 18-year low after being struck by a simultaneous demand and supply shock. While COVID lockdowns cascaded across the globe and cratered demand prospects, the incoming supply deluge from the global price war exacerbated the unprecedented hit to prices. Meanwhile, copper prices plunged lower as fears about global demand destruction weighed on industrial metals. Finally, gold was whipsawed as investors rushed to liquidate to cover other financial losses, though was bid-up in late-March as nervous investors sought a refuge in the traditional safe haven, while extraordinary monetary stimulus also lent support.

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Disclosures

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Any charts and graphs contained herein are provided as illustrations only and are not intended to be used to assist the recipient in determining which securities to buy or sell, or when to buy or sell securities. Any investment described herein is an example only and is not a representation that the same or even similar investment scenario will arise in the future or that investments made will be as profitable as this example or will not result in a loss to such any investment vehicles. A ll returns are purely historical, are no indication of future performance and are subject to adjustment. International investing involves risks such as currency and political risk, increased volatility and differences in auditing and financial standards. Emerging-markets securities can be significantly more volatile than securities in dev eloped countries. Currency and political risks are accentuated in emerging markets.

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PERFORMANCE
Past performance is no guarantee of future results. All investments involve risk including loss of principal. It should not be assumed that the portfolio holdings or investments made in the future will be profitable or will equal the performance of those discussed herein. T he investment environment and market conditions may be markedly different in the future and investment returns will fluctuate in value. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and there can be no assurance that any specific investment will be profitable or suitable for a particular investor’s financial situation or risk tolerance. Ass et allocation and portfolio diversification cannot assure or guarantee better performance and cannot eliminate the risk of investment losses.

INDEX DEFINITIONS
Information related to indices and benchmarks has been provided by, and/or is based on third party sources, and although believed to be reliable, has not been independently verified. No representation is made that any benchmark or index is an appropriate measure for comparison. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Investors pursuing a strategy similar to an index may experience higher or lower returns and will bear the cost of fees and expenses, which will reduce returns. Index results assume the reinvestment of all dividends and capital gains. The S&P 500 Index (SPX) is a stock market index made up of approximately 500 US large cap stocks. The index comprises a collection of stocks of 500 leading companies and captures 80% coverage of available market capitalization.

The S&P/TSX composite index is the Canadian equivalent to the S&P 500 market index in the United States. The S&P/TSX Composite Index contains stocks of the largest companies on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). The index is calculated by Standard and Poor’s, and contains both common stock and income trust units.

The Morgan Stanley Capital International (“MSCI”) EM Index is a stock market index that consists of the following 23 emerging market country indexes: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Russia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and United Arab Emirates. The Morgan Stanley Capital International (“MSCI”) EAFE Index is a stock market index made up of approximately 909 constituents. It is often used as a common benchmark for international stock funds. The index comprises the MSCI country indexes capturing large and mid-cap equities across developed markets in Europe, Australasia and the Far East, excluding the U.S. and Canada.

The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index is a consumer confidence index published monthly by the University of Michigan. The index is normalized to have a value of 100 in December 1966. Each month at least 500 telephone interviews are conducted of a contiguous United States sample. The ISM Manufacturing Index is based on surveys of more than 300 manufacturing firms by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM). The ISM Manufacturing Index monitors employment, production, inventories, new orders and supplier deliveries. A composite diffusion index monitors conditions in national manufacturing and is based on the data from these surveys. Export Orders PMI measure the movement of merchandise trade leaving a country. This measure tracks the value of merchandise trade by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM).

Global manufacturing PMI indices are compiled by IHS Markit from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in survey panels in over 40 countries, totaling around 13,500 companies. These countries account for 98% of global manufacturing value added UK Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index measures the performance of the manufacturing sector and is derived from a survey of 600 industrial companies. The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index is based on five individual indexes with the following weights: New Orders (30 percent), Output (25 percent), Employment (20 percent), Suppliers’ Delivery Times (15 percent) and Stock of Items Purchased (10 percent), with the Delivery Times index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. A reading above 50 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing sector compared to the previous month; below 50 represents a contraction, while 50 indicates no change.

JP Morgan Global Services PMI gives an overview of the global services sector. It is based on non-opinion based monthly surveys of over 5,500 executives from 15 of the world’s strongest economies, including the U.S., Japan, Germany, France and China which together account for nearly 80% of global services sector’s gross value added (GWA). It reflects changes in global output, employment, new business, backlogs, and prices. The Global Services PMI is seasonally adjusted at the national level to control for varying seasonal patterns in each country and is produced by J.P. Morgan and Markit in association with ISM and the International Federation of Purchasing and supply Management (IFPSM).

The China Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index is based on a survey of around 700 to 800 companies. It is a government-sponsored survey aimed at tracking business conditions in the Chinese manufacturing sector ahead of official economic statistics, while also providing insight into wider economic trends. In China, the Non-Manufacturing purchasing managers index survey is based on data collected from a representative panel of 1200 enterprises from the non-manufacturing sector. The survey includes ten questions on business activity, new orders, new export orders, in hand orders index, stock, intermediate input price, subscription price, employment, supplier delivery time, and business activities expectation. For each question, the diffusion index is calculated.